Process for the manufacture of candles, tapers, and the like and to an apparatus forcarrying out such process



Nov. 4 1924, 1 1,514,196

E. BURIAN PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES, TAPERS, AND THE LIKE AND TO AN APPARATUS FOR CARRYING OUT SUCH PROCESS Filed Jan. 29, 1924 gwvemto'a E Buriazn Patented Nov. 4, 1924.

UNITED STATES.

PATENT OFFICE.

EUG-EN YBURIAN, or HLOHOVEC, czEcHosLovAKIA. ASSIGNOR T0 NAAMLOOZE VEN- NOOTSCHAP KONINKLIJKE STEAR-INE KAARSENFABRIEK GOUDA, 0F GOUDA,

NETHERLANDS.

PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES, TAPERS, AND THE LIKE AND TO AN APPARATUS FOR CARRYING OUT SUCH PROCESS.

Application filed January 29, 1924. Serial No. 689,361.

subject of the Czechoslovakian Republic,

residing at Hlohovec, Czechoslovakia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a Process for the Manufacture of Candles, Tapers, and the like, and to an Apparatus for Carrying Out Such Process, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to a process for the manufacture of candles, tapers and the like and to an apparatusfor carrying out such process.

It has been proposed already to manufacture tapers, by successively leading the wick through a series of successively arranged wax baths, while the wick, after having passed through each bath is drawn through a die, the diameter of which-is larger than that of the preceding one, until the wick has attained the desired thickness. These known apparatus are, however, expensive and re uire much floor space. In contradistinction therewith, a considerable simplification and a great saving in space are obtained by the process and the apparatus according to this invention.

In my process, the wick is led through a bath of wax, parafiine, stearine or the like or mixturesof these materials, and is sub sequently drawn through a die, which, every p time after the wick has travelled over its entire length, without loosening the, wick,

is replaced by or varied into a die of, a largerdiameter. The replacing or variation of the dies is continued until thedesired candlethickness has been attained.

According to the invention very good.re--. sults are obtained, by carrying out the process, by means of an apparatus, in which the wick, in the shape of an endless band, by means of a set of drums, is led through the bath and is subsequently drawn through replaced by or vans a die, which, during the working,'can be into a die ofa larger diameter, without loosening the wick. In

this manner the process can be worked continuously, and with the aid of. only one bath.

According to the invention the interchan ing or the variation of the die can be e fected in different ways, for instance the die can be made in two or more parts, which parts may be fastened in tongs or a clamping device, that can be easily loosened or opened. It is also possible to arrange a plurality of dies of increasing diameters, in successive order, in such a manner, that eachseparate operation. I

The accompanying drawing illustrates, by way of example, one of the simplestfor'ms 0t execution ofan apparatus for carrying out the process according to this invention.

In this drawing Fig; 1, is a side-elevation,

Fig. 2 a planview, and

die can successively be put into or out of Fig. 3 a back-view of the apparatus,

while in l Figs. 4 and 5 details of the apparatus are illustrated on a larger scale.

On the drums 1, 2 and 3, vrotatable on ball-bearings, a wick 4, in the shape of an endless band, is wound in such a manner, that it lays on the drums 2 and 3 in a number of windings, in order to produce in one single working-operation, candle-material of the greatest possiblelength. That part of the wick, which forms the connection between 1 the last winding on the one drum with the first winding on the other drum, is

led over the drum 1, which may consist of a grooved disc, so that between drum 2. and drum 3 awlongrun is obtained, the upper art of which is drawn ,over the distance between the drums l and 2 through a trough 5 containing melted wax, paraiiine, stearine or the like or a mixtureof these materials. As the wick can be very long, for instance 300 meters or, even longer, and still changes in length on its way through the first bath, the distance between the shafts. of the two drums 2 and 3 is not. a fixed one, but may be adjusted, asthe frame 6, on which the drum 2 is mounted, is slidably arranged on the frame 7 of the apparatus and may be adjusted by means of a screw with crank8.

suflices to stretch at once all windings of I the wick in the desired way.

In order to prevent the wick, due to.

stretching from shifting within the candle wax or the like material and to ensure its remaining in the right place, an adjustable roller 9 is provided, which, by means of the screw 10, is pressed toward the space be-- tween the drums Qand 3, contrarytothe winding of the wick, thus leading the wick in the right position. The roller, 9 is, moreover, provided with grooves, in order to keep the windings parallel.

As the wick 4, in the'apparatus described by way of example, forms an endless'b-and and is not drawn successively through a series of dies of increasing diameters, the

\ one placed behind the other in the manner as known hitherto, the device for holding the dies is constructed as indicated in Figs. 4 and 5, by way of example. Said device consists of tongs or a hinged clamp 11, in

which a die-disc'l2, made of two parts,'is

fixed, which tongs or clamp can be fastened with the aid of a screw 13, provided with a winged-nut. The tongs are, or the clamp, is connected to a square bolt 14, which, by means of screws 16, can be fixedinto a socket 15, fitting around it. The socket 15 is in turn connected tothe side of the trough 5.

The exchanging of the dies, without the wick being loosened, takesplace in thefollowing way: 1

When the wick has been led I length through thetrough 5, another clamp 11, with a die of the next larger size is.

slid in* the socket 15, in front of the clamp 11. 'The clamp 11 is then shut and fastened in working order. As soon asthe wick has passed round over its entire length, the first clamp 11 is opened and slid out of the socket- 15, so that the die intheclamp 11, which is kept in readiness, immediately. will come into operation; This latterdie is shaft of the drum 3.

To make sure that the windings on the drums 2 and 3 are laid quite close to each other, the two drums are inounted'not exactly parallel but somewhat sloping with regard to each? other. r I

The candle-material made in this way, is, after having attained the desired thickness, taken from the drums and cut into pieces of a certain length. These pieces are subsequently provided with a head at their ends in the known manner.

Claims: I

1, A process for manufacturing candles, tapers and the like, consistin in leading an endless wickseveral times t rough a bath of wax, par-afline, stearine orthe like or over its entire mixtures of these materials, and through a die, and successively increasing the size of the die each time the wick has traveled its entire length through the latter, until the material has attained the'desired thickness on the wick.

' 2. An apparatus for manufacturing candles, tapers and the like including a pan to contain a. bath of wax or the like, a set of drums associated 'with said pan and adapted to support and move an endless wick throughsaid pan, and'a replaceabledie associated with the pan and constructed to surround a wick,fwithout severing. the latter;

3. An apparatus as claimedin claim 2' in which the die includes aplurality of scraping members, and a hinged clamp for holding the scrap-ing members in position.

4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 2 in which a socket is associated withthe pan,

and the die is slidably and removably mount-.- 7

ed in the socket.

5. An apparatus for manufacturing candles,.tapers and the like including aplurality of substantially superposed drums, a third drum spaced from the'superposed drums, saiddrums being adapted to suptain a bath of wax or the like, arranged be; tween the superposed drums and the third drum to permit the passage of the'endless portan endless wick, a pan'adapted'to conwick through the pan, and aremovable die associated with the pan and arranged around said wick.

6. An apparatus as claimedin claim 5 one ofthe superposed'drums relatively to including means for adjusting the axis of' theaxis of the other one of "the superposed drums. v

7. An apparatus as claimed in claim 5 including an adjustable roller arranged to engage the wick as it passes from one of the superposed drums to the other one of the] superposed drums. p p g V y I 8,-Anapparatus for manufacturing candles, tapers and the'like, including a first lower drum, a second. upper superposed drum, a third drum spaced from the" first and second drums, said first and second drums having their axesgarranged out of vertical alignment, means for moving one of the first mentioned drums relatively to the other first mentioned drum, a trough arranged between the first mentioned drums and" the third drum and containing candle material, an endless wick wound about the first and second drums,"passed over the third drum and passingthrough the trough, and

a removable die surrounding said wick and removable from :the latter WlthOlll'/ severing the wick. I I p y In testimony whereof I afiix mysignature.

EUGEN BURIAN. l 

